Nobel Prizes And Laureates

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1908 - Ernest Rutherford
New Zealand
December 1, 1971
Ernest Rutherford (1871 – 1937) was a New Zealand-born British physicist who became known as the father of nuclear physics. He received the Nobel Prize for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements and the chemistry of radioactive substances.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993 - Michael Smith
Canada
October 4, 2004
Michael Smith (1932 – 2000) was a British-born Canadian biochemist and businessman. He received the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in developing site-directed mutagenesis.

The Nobel Prize in Literature 1916 - Verner von Heidenstam
Sweden
November 17, 1976
Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam (1859 – 1940) was a Swedish poet and novelist He was a member of the Swedish Academy from 1912. He led the literary reaction to the Naturalist movement in Sweden, calling for a renaissance of the literature of fantasy, beauty, and national themes. His poems and prose work are filled with a great joy of life, sometimes imbued with a love of Swedish history and scenery.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920 - Walther Nernst
Sweden
November 18, 1980
Walther Hermann Nernst (1864 - 1941) was a German physicist who is known for his theories behind the calculation of chemical affinity as embodied in the third law of thermodynamics. Nernst helped establish the modern field of physical chemistry and contributed to electrochemistry, thermodynamics and solid state physics.
The stamp design also features his invention, the Nernst lamp, which used a ceramic rod to produce incandescence light.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1907 - Alphonse Laveran
Algeria
January 4, 1953
Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran (1845 – 1922) was a French physician. He obtained his medical degree from University of Strasbourg in 1867. Following his father, Louis Théodore Laveran, he took up military medicine as profession. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries of parasitic protozoans as causative agents of infectious diseases such as malaria and trypanosomiasis.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1919 - Johannes Stark
Sweden
November 15, 1979
Johannes Stark (1874 – 1957) was a German physicist. His scientific works cover three large fields: the electric currents in gases, spectroscopic analysis, and chemical valency. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1919 - Jules Bordet
Sweden
November 15, 1979
Jules Jean Baptiste Vincent Bordet (1870 – 1961) was a Belgian immunologist and microbiologist. In 1894 he went to Paris to work at the Pasteur Institute. In 1901 he returned to Belgium to found the Pasteur Institute, Brussels. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1919 was awarded to Jules Bordet for his discoveries relating to immunity.

The Nobel Prize in Literature 1919 - Carl Spitteler
Sweden
November 15, 1979
Carl Friedrich Georg Spitteler (1845 – 1924) was a Swiss poet who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1919 in special appreciation of his epic Olympian Spring (1900 - 05, revised 1910). His work includes both pessimistic and heroic poems.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981 - Roger Sperry, David Hubel, Torsten Wiesel
Sweden
November 29, 1984
David Hunter Hubel (1926 - 2013) and Torsten Nils Wiesel (1924 - ) were awarded the Nobel Prize for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system. Roger Wolcott Sperry (1913 – 1994) won the Nobel Prize for his work with split-brain research.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 - John Eccles, Alan Hodgkin, Andrew Huxley
Sweden
November 29, 1984
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 was awarded jointly to Sir John Carew Eccles (1903 - 1997), Alan Lloyd Hodgkin (1914 - 1998) and Andrew Fielding Huxley (1917 - 2012) for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 - Bernard Katz, Ulf von Euler, Julius Axelrod
Sweden
November 29, 1984
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 was awarded jointly to Sir Bernard Katz (1911 - 2003), Ulf von Euler (1905 - 1983) and Julius Axelrod (1912 - 2004) for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961 - Georg von Békésy
Sweden
November 29, 1984
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961 was awarded to Georg von Békésy (1899 - 1972) for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1903 - Svante Arrhenius
Sweden
November 22, 1983
Svante August Arrhenius (1859 – 1927) was a Swedish scientist and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry. He was the first Swedish Nobel laureate, and in 1905 became director of the Nobel Institute where he remained until his death. Arrhenius is best known for his study published in 1896 on the greenhouse effect.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1926 - Theodor Svedberg
Sweden
November 22, 1983
Theodor Svedberg (1884 – 1971) was a Swedish chemist. He won the Nobel Prize for chemistry for his studies in the field of colloids and for the invention of the ultracentrifuge. Svedberg also conducted a lot of studies in the field of Nuclear Chemistry and contributed to the improvement of the cyclotron.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1929 - Hans von Euler-Chelpin
Sweden
November 22, 1983
Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin (1873 – 1964) was a German-born Swedish biochemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1929 with Arthur Harden for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and enzymes.