Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) was a Polish astronomer, mathematician, and canon whose heliocentric theory revolutionized astronomy. In his landmark work De revolutionibus orbium coelestium ("On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres"), published in 1543, he proposed that the Earth and the other planets revolve around the Sun rather than the Earth being the center of the universe. His ideas laid the foundation for the Scientific Revolution and profoundly influenced later astronomers such as Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei.
Several countries issued stamps to commemorate the 500th birth anniversary of Copernicus in 1973. Here is a small selection of them, all engraved.
Vatican, designed by Otto Zeiller, engraved by Alfred Nefe and issued on June 19, 1973. Stamps show Copernicus and Torunum, the Latin name for Torun; (German: Thorn), the historic city where Nicolaus Copernicus was born in 1473.


USSR, designed by Nikolai I. Shevtsov, engraved by Tatiana Nikitina and issued on February 8, 1973. The background reproduces Copernicus's heliocentric diagram from De revolutionibus orbium coelestium.

Poland, designed by Waldemar Andrzejewski, photogravure and engraved by Barbara Kowalska and issued on September 28, 1972 to publicize the POLSKA '73 stamp exhibition, Poznan. The souvenir sheet reproduces Copernicus's heliocentric diagram from De revolutionibus orbium coelestium.

Hungary, designed and engraved by Fule Mihaly and issued on February 19, 1973. The attached label depicts Copernicus's heliocentric cosmological system.

Note: there is a great thread in the "Topical stamp collecting" sub forum about Copernicus. All the above were already posted there by other members.