Dave:
First thing, go to
www.linns.com and take a few minutes intop looking around the site. There is a section on the basics of stamp collecting. After reading the site for about 15 minutes, you will get the just of what stamp collecting is, and then you can proceed from there.
Then you'll have the simple questions that we can help you with, and you'll soon find a direction you want to move into with the collection.
What you have is a pre-1900 (or so) collection. Classic, beautiful stamps, with some nice cancels.
David