Puzzling Stamps

Anyone any ideas about these stamps?
The're really puzzling...

I can only add Middle East from the small scans.

The first is a local delivery stamp issued for post within the town of Przedbórz in Poland run by the town authorities for civilian post in 1918 when the town was still under Austrian occupation.

After WW1 a civil war broke out in Turkey between the Ottoman Empire based in Istanbul and the Republicans based in Ankara. The third stamp here was issued in 1922 by the Republicans.

The second is more problematic. It was the practice in Turkey to append stamps to newspapers before printing so that the printing covered the stamp and prevented its being used again - rather than using precancelled stamps as in e.g.USA or Belgium. This has come from a Greek language newspaper. What I cannot be sure about is whether this is a postage stamp to pay the carriage of the paper, or a revenue stamp to pay tax on it. I suspect the later, but a Turkey expert will be able to tell you.

Bamra1 is spot on. It's an Ottoman two para "Newspapers and Advertisements" revenue stamp used on some kind of Greek language publication.

Thank you all very much! That solves a few mysteries in my collection !