Need Help With Republic Of China Set.

The stamps below Republic of China Sc. 1916-1919. The top set is as listed in Scott's. I have no idea what the bottom set is all about though since the values have been crossed out and no new value added in place of the ones crossed out. Scott's gives no information alongside their listing. I am trying to figure out what to list them as and if there is even a CV for them.

If I recall correctly the stamps with the value crossed out are equivalent to Specimen stamps of other countries. I know I have some, somewhere...

I wondered about something like that. Interestingly both sets are not gummed. Something I maybe didn't notice or maybe just not worry about way back when I added them to the collection. I'm operating with a very old list from the ATA which lists the stamps but makes no mention of any version with the values crossed off. So I was just trying to find out if anybody had run across something similar. Scott's isn't a lot of help in this case and I wondered if any of the other catalogs around the world gave any better information.

What defines a 'specimen' stamp? I've seen stamps overprinted 'specimen' but only in passing. I've never before owned a possible one.

Askphil definition:

Specimen: 1: overprint on stamps that are distributed to members of the Universal Postal Union for identification purposes; started in 1879; the USA discontinued this practice in 1904.
3: an overprint used on special prints of the U. S.
department stamps sold to the public at the 1876 Philadelphia Centennial Exposition.

Specimen envelopes: sample envelopes provided by the Post Office to prospective manufacturers as samples.

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Australia
from "cancelled to order" sets sold by the post office
Later, for collectors to secure high value stamps, that otherwise may be unobtainable by lesser financial collectors.