I missed this thread until now, but I can say that this is believed to be a security marking added to the gum-side of sheets of stamps to indicate that they are not stolen stock.
Thefts from government offices, including post-offices, following the March 1958 insurrection in Lebanon prompted the authorities to recall all remaining stocks and presumably decided to mark them so that any stolen stock could be distinguished.
Some stamps of the period 1957-1959 have this marking applied to the reverse (gummed) side, hence this may result in partial or complete loss of the marking when the used stamp is removed from the cover.

part of sheet showing markings

close-up of markings on mint stamp (1957-60 1p light brown definitive)
This topic has been examined in the Middle East Philatelic Bulletin (web-site www(dot)zobbel(dot)de) and some articles may be found in issues 7, 8, 9, 15 and 16.