It depends on the type of barcode and label.
I have a engineering background in scanning technology (I worked on several projects over the years which developed the hardware and software for many of the commercial handheld scanners in the marketplace). As such, I happen to have some scanners kicking around the house.

When I scan this label the two bar codes return different results. The simple 1D barcode on the bottom return just the tracking number, in this case # 420287399400111899563096604715. The 2D bar code on the top returns a very large amount of information including addresses, description of mail service, weight, date info, etc. (I have a hard time scanning this one because it sends all kinds of extra commands like carriage returns. The scanner software on my computer handles scanner input as keyboard input.)

This barcode scans as 000685.
In general the older 1D barcodes only contain a single number. The 2D barcode technologies can contain a very large amount of data.
Don
APS #094826
Edit; if you want to know about your particular barcode, scan it in 300 dpi resolution and post the image. I should be able to scan it off the screen and tell you what it reads.