Optical Instruments: Microscopes, Binoculars, Sextans, Theodolits, Hand Scopes

Here is the 2s 6d value (Sc #131) from Nigeria's April 7, 1962 "Fight Against Malaria" set of four stamps.

Eight months after the conclusion of the International Geophysical Year (IGY, July 1, 1957 - December 31, 1958), on April 18, 1959, the USSR issued a three-stamp set in commemoration. The 10 kopecks value (Sc #2232) of the set depicts a geologist using a theodolite to study a glacier.

From brittanica.com, "IGY was directed toward a systematic study of the Earth and its planetary environment...In retrospect, perhaps the most important achievement of the IGY was its verification in 1958 of scientists' suggestion that there exists a continuous system of submarine and mid-ocean ridges that encircle the globe."

Turkey

2020

100 years National souveranity s/s

The s/s depicts an old binocular over a map, and other iconic representations

Darwin's Microscope, issued by Falkland islands in 1982 to mark the 100th death anniversary of Charles Darwin (1809-1882), and the 150th Anniversary of Darwin's Voyage:

Japan

2008

Hideyo Noguchi - Africa award - se tenant

Hideyo Noguchi (1876 – 1928), also known as Seisaku Noguchi , was a prominent Japanese bacteriologist who in 1911 discovered the agent of syphilis as the cause of progressive paralytic disease (wiki)

Pitcairn Islands

1968

20 years of World Health Organisation - 2v

Ilya Ilyich Metchnikoff (1845 – 1916), a Russian Imperial zoologist best known for his pioneering research in immunology. Two stamps show him with his microscope:

Issued by the USSR on November 27, 1945 to mark his 100th birth anniversary:

Designed by J. Combet, engraved by Jean Pheulpin and issued by France on June 25, 1966:

Japan

2003

Cultural men - 2v

Kitasato Shibasaburo (1853 - 1931) was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist. He is remembered as the co-discoverer of the infectious agent of bubonic plague in Hong Kong during an outbreak in 1894, almost simultaneously with Alexandre Yersin. (wiki)

Horse Racing in Bois de Boulogne (Detail), by Giuseppe de Nittis (1846-1884), engraved by Valeiro Puliti and issued by Italy on January 25, 1984:

A small selection of stamps show use of microscope in lab tests and in classroom:

For the protection of the Indigenous Children, engraved by Charles Mazelin and issued for use in Cameroun on June 22, 1942:

International Year of the Woman, issued by Rwanda on September 15, 1975:

Protection of the Child, issued by Nicaragua on September 25, 1973:

Anti-Malaria campaign, OP stamp issued by Guinea on February 23, 1962:

15th Anniversary DDR, issued by East Germany (DDR) on October 6, 1964:

Rehabilitation in DDR, issued by East Germany (DDR) on June 26, 1979:

Kliment Arkadievich Timiryazev (1843 – 1920), a Russian botanist and physiologist with his microscope, issued by the USSR on June 1, 1940 to mark the 20th death anniversary of Timiryazev:

This Canada 2009 stamp depicts Arctic explorer Captain Robert Bartlett (1875-1946) with a sextant.

Portugal
125 Years of the Geographical Society of Lisbon
November 10, 2000
This se-tenant pair shows a sextant and an optical transit surveying instrument.

This Republic of China 1988 stamp depicts the use of electron microscope in the field of material science and technology.

On April 28, 1949 the USSR issued this 30 kopek value (Sc #1346) showing a scientist with a microscope as part of its eighth definitive series.