Questions About French Stamps

(1) This is the reverse of two 15c Peace and Commerce issues. Is this grilled gum? I've heard about this in the cases of Switzerland and the US, but have never actually seen examples before myself.



More faintly, this seems to be grilled gum on the reverse of another 15c:



It seems to be less clear because it's a different kind of paper.

(2) The cancel reads Marseilles Etranger. What kind of cancel was this?



(3) This cancel seems to say 'Journaux' at the top. A newspaper stamp, not a place name, surely?



(4) Can anyone read the word at the top of the cancel on this pair? Is it a place name or something else?

I should add that I've done some research and I can't find any information (in English) that indicates that grilled gum was used on French stamps.

About #4 the word is "chargement" wich mean load. Cannot read the bottom word sorry.

I think it's 'TOURS,' timbres667.

The 15c. stamps with the criss-cross pattern is a paper variety called Quadrille Paper on the 1892 issue, Scott 103.
Will

Etranger Google translates as abroad so maybe this was a cancel for international mail or overseas. Somewhat like the Great Britain F.S. Foreign Section cancels. Not sure, just supposing.

Nice and cool paper examples.

Thanks for the info, Battlestamps. Is there a higher CV for stamps on quadrille paper?

Puzzler, I don't know French, but I thought abroad was 'outre-mer.' Thus my confusion.

The quadrille paper is quite common,
15c was the French letter rate from 1878 - 1906

This quadrille paper is also used with
the stamps of Obock and Somali Coast.

I checked the Yvert et Tellier catalogue and quadrille paper versions are not really any higher than minimum.
Will

You can see the quadrille lines
on my stamp fron Djibouti.

The Journaux cancel is "cool"

according to my colleague Mr. Tracy Barber
from 2005

Thanks for the information, everyone. French stamps are very much a great unknown to me but I've already noticed as go through these defins that there's a good variety of shades and cancels that makes it a potentially very interesting field.

Re the quadrille paper: I've got about 60 of these 15c stamps and but only 3 on the quadrille paper, so, even if it's not uncommon, I'm still surprised that there's no difference in CV.

Last, what does grilled gum look like? I still haven't seen any!

3 from a random group of 60 rates as "common"

rod222, regarding the Somali stamp, why can we see quadrille lines outside the area of the stamp (defined, presumably, by the perfs)?

The quadrille paper JJ is the entire sheet of paper the stamps
were printed on, same as the "Sage" type you offered
The Quadrille can be imagined perhaps as a whole sheet of
watermarked lines.
That was <their> forgery protection device.
Hope I am clear, post back if not.

Note the perforations were drawn, similar to
the uglies of Mr. Tony Mac who recently posted,
the princely state escapes me.

I didn't think the perfs looked real.

It must be a very odd looking stamp!