Another possibility for these numbers (the original "19" and the "165", "223", and "461") is that these are the re-registration number assigned to the letter when the carrier takes it out of the post office for delivery.
In the case of the letter with "19", it was delivered on the first attempt.
The final letter was taken out on three successive days. The first day it was assigned "165", but not delivered, so the carrier returned it to the office and "165" was marked out. The next day, it was assigned "223", and again not delivered, so "223" marked out. Third day, assigned as letter "461" and was apparently delivered.
This is the manner in which carrier delivered registered mails were handled in the United States. I know nothing specific about
Canada Post, but it seems likely they would use a similar system.