Hello RockySC, welcome!
Nice collection you have there. Part of the enjoyment of a collection is knowing where and who it came from. The history of the whole thing.
On Paper means stamps still attached to pieces of the envelope or parcel wrapping paper that they were attached to to be used in the mails.
The idea of separating them and getting them into protective glassines is to get the stamps away from non-archival type paper that can have acids and other chemicals in it that over time will transfer to the stamps or suck chemically affect the stamps.
Some of yours are nice ones, 410 or more a piece, depending on condition of course (the main factor in stamps) (Includes centering of the design on the stamp, paper cuts, tears, holes, thins, creases, stains, nold, mildew), color (the sun fades stamps), how much hinging was done over the years, how good the gum still is on mint stamps, how good the cancellation (cancel) is on used stamps, how heavy, how readable, the placement, etc).
Some damaged stamps are still sellable to a certain portion of the collecting market and are still valuable even if just to say, hey, I have a copy of that old stamp.
People years ago were sometimes happy to have any copy of a stamp, whether it was all there or not. Now, with the availability of stamps on the internet (see
ebay for starters) prices have dropped and the selection is much greater it seems.
As for sorting, use glassine envelopes (pressed and rolled translucent paper that is protective) or even regular stationery envelopes.
Search and read on Stamp Community (SCF) here for lots of ideas on storing, sorting,reas on colelcting interest etc.
Maybe you might be interested in only a certain area of the whole world or a certain era or even topic like ships or birds. Or a combination of things. There is no 'correct' way to colelct really. Some people like to think there is but everybody is different from everybody else in their opinions and lieks and dislikes sometimes, and so it goes with collecting interests. And these may change over the years or months too.
When I started reading on SCF here I was colelcting just one area of stamps from one country. Now, years later, I have been interested in cancels and odd shapes of stamps (hexagons) and other things.
Stamps are history, art, beauty, and a lot of other things to many people. They can be a refuge from the mad world and a chance to meet new friends and be part of a worldwide shared interest. You can go anywhere in the world and people collect stamps. Stamp people are good people.
As for value and finding out, it can be hard at times to figure out why one stamp in the catalogue is worth $30 and the other worth 0.30 (30 cents) and they are the same stamp seemingly. It can be a lot of different thing., just like with condition. Easy ones to tell are the perforations (wiggly bits around the edges of perforated (holes punched along edges) stamps). How many holes that are there within 2 centimeters (worldwide standard). You can buy a little plastic perf gauge for a couple bucks.
You might not need it but then again you might. You can just use a ruler and do some math to figure it out too.
Colours are tricky sometimes, different things can affect colour besides different ink mixtures at the printers.
Paper type is an easy one usually. You might not run into this one at all even.
And there are more, depending on the country and era and how they were printed.
But the good thngs is that you don't have to be concerned with any of that stuff if you don't want to be. Details are fine for some (like me) but not necessary for most.
Look at the two France ship stamps ('Normandie') you have. Different colours. Might be the sun fading, might be ink, might be listed in a general catalogue like Scott, might have to get a specialized catalogue of France to see it listed and priced, might be worth not much here in North America, might be worth a lot in France to a France collector. And
ebay and other sites make it fun to sell worldwide too.
Same with other stamps.
Depends on how you sell it (your skills, your description) and to whom you sell it (a general collector or a specialized collector).
Please excuse my half Canadian, half British, half American English.
First off, get some stamps tongs, special tweezers designed not to hurt stamps and to handle stamps without touching your fingers with who knows what on your fingers (oils, dirt, etc) to the stamps.
A stockbook of some sort is good to start and can always be used later also. See
ebay or Mystic or Subway stamp shops on the internet. Even a used one is OK usually for now.
Then you can see what you have easier than in glassines but glassines are better for swift sorting and good storage too.