Just to lightly complement the excellent strategies put forward by CJD, keep in mind that the Perf rating of a stamp is actually a ratio of how many perfations per 2 centimeters. If a stamp is Perf 12, and measures two centimeters on the side, there will be 12 perforations on that side of the stamp.
To wit you could make a paper or cardboard straight-edge two centimeters long and count how many perforations fit within those two centimeters. For small stamps, you could of course scale it down to a single centimeter, then double your count to get the correct perf rating.
Edit - I have edited per Trainwreck's post. Thanks. I always had difficulty moving to metric.
