Probably an Exchange Office Paid cancellation. The largest use of a pair of these stamps was to pay the 24c per 1/2 oz rate to GB. The Exchange office in NY or Boston would have cancelled it with the date it was sent to a ship and what the credits of debits to each country would be. Red ink denoted credit, black denoted debit, as in "US gets credit of__ for the transport of the letter, with GB getting the rest."
Possibly a Providence RI regular Paid cancel if not an exchange. The paid on the 1869 cover linked below was used as early as the mid 1850s in boith black and red.
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